The translation of this law has been certified by the
Rutgers University Animal Rights Center in New Jersey, USA, directed by
Professor Gary Francione.
Repubblica Italiana
Law 413 October 12, 1993
The Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic have approved:
THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC
decrees the following law:
Article 1. Citizens' right to conscientious objection
1. Citizens, in obedience to their conscience, exercising their right to freedom of ideas, conscience, and religion recognized under the Universal Declaration of Rights of Man; the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Rights of Humanity and Basic Liberties; and the International Pact for Civil and Political Rights, and being opposed to violence against all living beings, may state their conscientious objection to any and every act relating to animal experimentation.
1. Physicians, researchers, and health care providers including laureati (degree holders), technicians, and nurses, as well as university students, who have declared their conscientious objection shall not be obligated to participate directly in those activities and interventions specifically and necessarily involving animal experimentation.
1. Conscientious objection shall be declared at the time a job application or an application for a civil service examination is submitted.
2. The university students shall declare their conscientious objection to the instructor whose course can involve activities and interventions regarding animal experimentation at the moment the course begins.
3. The declaration of conscientious objection may be revoked at any time.
4. Within the first six months of the date of the first application of the law, the objector shall declare his/her conscientious objection to the head of the organization in which the activities and interventions regarding animal experimentation are foreseen.
5. All government agencies and private organizations authorized to conduct animal experimentation shall make known to all personnel and students their right to exercise conscientious objection to animal experimentation. In addition, the government agencies and private organizations must provide a form for conscientious objection to animal experimentation in conformity with this law.
1. No person shall receive negative consequences as a result of refusal to participate in or cooperate with the implementation of animal experimentation.
2. Government or private industry employees who have stated their conscientious objection to animal experimentation under
Article 1, have the right to be assigned to existing staff positions that do not involve animal experimentation activities, while maintaining the same job title and salary.
3. Attendance at university laboratory exercises where animal experimentation is carried out shall be rendered optional by competent authorities. By the inauguration of the academic year subsequent to the date this law goes into effect, courses not involving animal experimentation activities or interventions shall be activated for full academic credit. The department administrative offices shall ensure the maximum dissemination of information regarding the right to conscientious objection to animal experimentation.
This law, with the Seal of the State, shall be inserted in the official collection of the laws of the Italian Republic. It is mandatory that all persons abide by it and enforce it as law of the land.
Rome, October 12, 1993
SCALFARO
Ciampi, President of the Council of Ministers
Stamped, Guardasigilli: Conso
The original bill was drawn up by the Comitato Scientifico Antivivisezionista LAV-FIN and presented by Representative Stefano Apuzzo (Green Party) and Senators Anna Maria Procacci, Maisano Grassi, Carla Rocchi, and Emilio Molinari (Green Party). It was passed by the Senate on February 24, 1993 and by the Chamber of Deputies on September 22, 1993.

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